History Of Man Made Fibres

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History of fibre development - different kinds of fibres are available now - a - days. They are also categorized by the generations as they were produced in the different years and known as first generation, third generation or, second generation fourth generation fibres.

These fibres are mainly divided into two categories natural and man made. - history of man made fibres. In this category cotton, silk and all, wool other animal and plant fibres are included. The fibres generated first were the natural fibres. These fibres were introduced first 4000 years back but their uses were continued till 194All these fibres are known as first generation fibres. Fibres like silks and cottons have not good resistance against moths, wear and washings, wrinkles.

Very delicate handling is needed for these fibres. - so discovery of durable fibres was a greater need and about one century ago first synthesized fibres rayon/ nylon were produced. The development of these new fibres opened up fibre application to the various fields like medicine, home furnishing and, aeronautics modern apparels. These fibres are cheaper in comparison with natural ones. Fibre engineers produced many new fibres by combining new synthetic fibres with the natural ones. A Swiss chemist Audemars first patented artificial fibre in England in 185He produced that by dissolving the fibrous inner bark of the mulberry tree and produced cellulose by modifying it chemically. In the year 1664 the first attempt was done to make artificial fibre, but success was achieved after 200 years only.

He made threads from the solution by dripping needle in the solution and then drawing them out. - he had done experiments with the solution similar to audemars solution. His attempt was good but he could not copy the silkworm. French chemist Hilaire de Chardonnet was the first one to produce artificial silk commercially in the year 188Later on he was known as father of rayon industry because he was the first to produce rayon commercially on large scales. Ltd, formed the American Viscose Company and did production of rayon. All the attempts of producing artificial silk failed till the year 1900 but in the year 1910 Samuel Courtaulds and Co.

Arthur D. - in the year 1924 celanese company made fibre from the acetate and it was the very first use of acetate in the textile industry. Little of Boston made a film from acetate which is a cellulosic product in the year 1983 and in the year 1910 Henry Dreyfus and Camille made toilet articles and motion picture film from acetate in Switzerland. At that time the demand of rayon was high because it was available on the half of the price than raw silk to the textile manufacturers so U. About Nylon. S. rayon production flourished to meet those higher demands.

The miracle fibre called Nylon was invented in the September 1931 at the research laboratory of DuPont Company. - nylon is completely synthetic fibre obtained from petrochemicals and is very different from rayon and acetate which are made up of cellulosic material of plants. They saw giant molecules of these polymers when they were working on Nylon' 66' and Nylon' 6' . The discovery of Nylon started a new era of manufactured fibres. In the year 1939 commercial production of nylon was started by DuPont. A change in life style.

In the very beginning on the experimental basis they used nylon in parachute fabric, in women' s hosiery and in sewing thread. - the other uses of nylon are in military supplies, tyres, ponchos, ropes, tents and in the high grade paper to make u. Nylon stockings were firstly visible to the public at the San Francisco Exposition in February 193 At the times of war, Asian silk was replaced by nylon in parachutes. S. currency. Another 20% is shared by wool and other manufactured fibres. At the time of war cotton was the most commonly used fibre and its uses were more then 80% than any other fibres. August 1945 was the time of ending of war, at that time cotton shares 75% of the fibre market and rise of 15% was seen in the market of manufactured fibres.

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